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如何学习古筝?

来源:http://www.codepub.com 时间:2022-12-04 06:11:50 编辑:生活常识 手机版

学习古筝要先有浓厚的兴趣,兴趣是最好的教师,没有兴趣学什么都提不起精力,只会浪费时间。因而学古筝必定要本人发自内心的喜爱,那样才能学得更好。

了解古筝

古筝又名汉筝、秦筝、瑶筝、鸾筝,是中国汉民族传统乐器中的筝乐器,属于弹拨乐器。它是中国独特的、重要的民族乐器之一。它的音色优美,音域宽广、演奏技巧丰富,具有相当强的表现力,因此它深受广大人民群众的喜爱。

古筝的种类

古筝分低档古筝、中档古筝、高档古筝三种。

一、低档古筝是由普通木板做出框架,做工较粗躁,以花梨酸枝木贴皮,这种古筝声音较闷,弹不出古筝的韵味儿。

二、中档古筝琴是由花梨木酸枝木胡桃木做古筝的琴头琴尾,以及侧板,面板采用泡桐木,这种琴做工规范,弹出了古筝的韵味,但和中高档琴比音色要逊色很多。

中高档古筝是采用黑檀木老红木做古筝的琴头琴尾,以及侧板,面板采用泡桐木,这种材料做出的古筝音色清脆,韵味渐浓。

三、高档古筝做工严谨,选料精细,采用紫檀木血檀(雪檀)木做古筝的琴头琴尾,以及侧板,面板采用优质泡桐木。

近年雪檀已尽绝迹,紫檀也越来越少,这种材料做出的古筝音色纯正,颗粒性强,琴声韵味十足,余音较长,即余音绕梁乃三日不绝。

古筝分南北吗?

因为北方气候干燥,古筝使用中容易开裂,所以就流传出南筝、北筝的说法。

其实古筝是不分南北筝的,有些商家就是抓住了“古筝开裂”这一痛点,推出了南北筝这一概念。

古筝是不分南北的,也就是不分南北用琴。古筝核心面板都是泡桐木,泡桐木产自河南兰考,如果将河南产的面板拿回上海加工就成了南方古筝,拿回西安加工就成了北方古筝,这显然是说不通的。买古筝时最重要的是买适合自己的筝,且注意对其保养就行。

古筝琴弦

古筝是中国古老的民族乐器,距今已有两千五百多年的历史。

标准古筝有21根弦。从最细的弦到最粗的弦,依次编号为1~21。

最初的古筝,只有5根弦。经秦国著名将蒙恬改造后,古筝发展到12弦。在当时的历史条件下,应该说是对古筝成功的改革。12弦古筝延续使用了数百年,直到唐朝后期才出现了13弦古筝。

随着时代的发展,古筝的弦数也越来越多,音域也越来越宽。出现了16弦、18弦、19弦、21弦、23弦、25弦等,直到今天,发展成为通用的21弦。

筝身长1.63米的21弦古筝,被称为标准筝。筝弦,也由过去的丝,动物筋等生物性材料制作,改为现在的钢丝弦和尼龙缠弦。

随着筝弦的增加,筝的体积也在增大。发展到今天,已成为一种古朴典雅的民族乐器。

古筝基础知识

古筝的定义:弹拨弦鸣乐器。

一共有 21 根琴弦,包含 17 根弦和 4 根绿弦

1、琴弦:现多用尼龙缠弦,以不同型号的钢丝外面缠以尼龙丝制成的。

2、琴码(又称:雁柱):支撑琴弦,琴码的右侧为演奏区域,左侧为左手补韵的装饰音区域。

3、岳山:分为前岳山,后岳山,分别镶嵌在琴面板的首部和尾部。

4、面板:琴面略有弧度的木板。

5、调弦盒:内有弦轴,用于调音;琴盒内可以放指甲,琴扳手等物件。

认识SOL

认识简谱

简谱:简谱中用以表示音的高低及相互关系的基本符号为七个阿拉伯数字,即1、2、3、4、5、6、7,唱作do、re、mi、fa、sol、la、xi,称为唱名。

唱名:do re mi fa sol la xi

音名:C D E F G A B 这个就是用来记固定音高的符号。

在简谱中表达高低音一般会在上下两个方向添加小圆点。

中音是1234567那么低音表达就是在这些数字现面加一个小圆点,高音就是在数字上面加一点,上面加二个点为倍高音,加三个点为超高音。反之下面亦如此为倍低音、超低音等以此类推。

除了音的高低外,简谱还有一个重要的因素就是音的长短,简谱音的长短有多种表达方式,如基本的加小横线的方式。

如果还不太懂的朋友,可以看看古筝简谱入门课程,介绍的非常详细:

五声调音

古筝采用的是五声音节,由这五个音构成的调式是五声调式。所以古筝琴弦上没有4(fa)和7(si)。

琴弦排列分组

筝架和姿势

弹筝的姿势有多种,一般采用坐式,要求坐姿端正,精神饱满、动作自然。古代采用过盘式、跪式。

由于流派的不同,筝的放置位置、筝架、琴凳也不同。

有的用琴桌式筝架,有的用类似人字形的筝架,还有的就放在腿上演奏。

采用琴桌式筝架比较稳因、牢靠,琴桌的面板有助于筝的共鸣。琴桌的大小应适当,恰好放稳筝的四个角;筝与琴桌之间有一定的空隙,以便于出音;琴桌的高低适合放腿为宜。此外,琴桌的造型应美观大方。

如采用类似人字形折叠筝架,应注意筝体能放置平稳,避免演奏中摇晃。

如采用小筝放在腿上演奏,小筝筝头底部应加筝托,以防止上身过前倾,腿部不要挡住出音孔,琴凳不要过高,筝尾支架的高度应与琴凳高度相当或略高。琴凳离筝体要近,尤其弹奏宽大的、弦数多的筝,一般身体前侧距筝体大约有6厘米至10厘米,应坐在靠近前岳山的位置上,坐的高低位置,应以方便演奏,便充分发挥技巧为原则。身体离琴过远,将使右手演奏困难,影响对触弦的控制;离琴过近,左手按弦困难,右手拨弦不方便;坐的位置过高时,上身容易前倾;坐的位置过低时,容易紧张。

弹筝的姿势,一般采用坐式,演奏者坐的姿势应该是:两腿自然分开,上身端正,两臂和双手松弛而自然抬起,精神饱满,态度自然。在演奏时既不要驼背也不要过分挺胸;既不要拘紧,也不要松垮。切忌摇头晃脑、脚打拍子等坏毛病。

正确的演奏姿势是:右脚蹬在固定筝架的踏板上,头部略俯视,双手按乐曲开头的指法自然伸出,做好弹奏准备。

如何选择古筝

古筝的统一规格为:1.63米,21弦。一台古筝的音质取决于面板和琴弦,面板以阳面中段为最佳,阳面是指整株桐木置于水中,露出水面的一面为阳面,去头斩尾为中段,一般以9-12年树龄的桐木为最佳,尤以河南兰考的桐木为最佳,沙土地,木质疏松,利于音质的传导。

初学者在购买古筝的时候一般不知道如何选择,市场上售卖的有练习筝、演奏古筝两种。

练习筝的制作较为简单,一般都是不包边的,而演奏筝的工艺更复杂,也更精美。 同时,会因为木头的品质,和穿弦孔的工艺不同而导致音色和手感的不同。

演出筝对音色的要求更严格,音色要亮,所以价格一般比练习筝的价格贵。

古筝的结构说简单也简单,但是要让这简单的结构发出美妙的音乐就是技术活了。决定音色品质重要的部分是面板的等级,其次筝码、整体做工、制作工艺等,边板材质起到装饰古筝的作用,不建议作为选筝的重点。

古筝作为乐器其音色品质才是其价值的体现,而价值也是决定价格的原因,这也就是为什么古筝的价格会有如此大的差异。

我们选购古筝的时候首先要考虑古筝的音色问题,购买音色较好的古筝,如果是作为古筝学习者,练习筝也不要买太次的,那会影响自己的听力,和审美标准。

学习古筝

学戴义甲

大指:将义甲戴在指肚上,向指尖左上方斜出45度佩戴

食指、中指:将义甲戴在指肚上,顺指甲生长方向直戴

注意:佩戴时义甲不要挡住手指的关节;胶布的一半应覆盖在自己本身的指甲上。

选择指甲

古筝指甲首先要选择合适自身手指的长度,选择的指甲要和自己的手指第一节的长度相匹配,通常都是选择中号。指甲面选择宽点、上方尖点,不需要太厚的指甲面。古筝指甲材质很多,有塑料、树脂、玳瑁的,三种材质对比,玳瑁的比其它两种的好,对琴弦没有多大的磨损,但价格比较贵,塑料和树脂对琴弦的磨损就比较严重。

挑选玳瑁方法

1、强光照射法:把玳瑁放在太阳底下或者电筒光下投射,如果看见花纹、透明血丝状在甲片里,就是真品。伪劣产品呈现的血丝在甲面上是片状的,还有斑纹呆板或者团块状。

2、燃烧法:刮一点点的指甲点燃,或者用加热的针触碰指甲面,真品就会散发出烧焦头发的味道,伪劣产品是散发其它的味道,比如樟脑的味道、塑胶的味道、醋味等。

分辨琴弦

古筝的琴弦有21根弦,共有两种颜色,白色琴弦、绿色(或红色)琴弦。

绿色(或红色)琴弦都唱“5”(sol),共有四根绿色(或红色)琴弦,有粗有细,由细到粗,分别代表

高音5;中音5;低音5;倍低音5

第一根到第五根琴弦为倍低音,表示方法是在1、2、3、5、6下面加两个点;接下来五根弦是低音,在1、2、3、5、6,下面点一个点;在后面五根弦是中音区,1、2、3、5、6。接下来是高音区,五根弦1、2、3、5、6上方加一个点;最后一根为倍高音do,1上面加两个点。

练习古筝步骤

弹古筝,首先要保持正确的姿势。两只手的食指、中指、大指依次配戴好指甲,你可以买两卷医用胶带,一卷放手上保持手背的平直,另一卷用来配戴指甲。

眼睛平视乐谱,身体坐好,接下来开始古筝的练习。

佩戴指甲

弹奏古筝之前先要佩戴好指甲,指甲的大小应和手指第一关节差不多,戴在第一关节往上一点,胶布缠在第一关节中间,不要影响关节活动处,大指缠带方法与其他指不同,假指甲向内与指尖呈45度角,左右相对。

熟悉古筝音阶

音乐的七个基本音阶1(do)2(re)3(mi)4(fa)5(sol)6(la)7(si),古筝是五声音阶,没有4和7,只有1、2、3、5、6。

练习古筝指法

古筝演奏中常用到指法:勾、托、抹、劈、剔、挑、提、花指、摇指、琶音、泛音、按音、揉音、大撮、小撮、颤音、滑音等。

托-大拇指向外弹弦。 

劈-大拇指向里弹弦。

抹-食指向里弹弦。 

挑-食指向外弹弦。 

勾-中指向里弹弦。 

剔-中指向外弹弦。 

提-无名指向里弹弦。 

连托-大拇指向外连续弹弦。 

连抹-食指向外连续弹弦。 

大撮-大拇指向外,中指向里同时弹两弦。 

小撮-大拇指向外,食指向里同时弹两弦。 

双托-大拇指同时向外弹奏邻近的两弦。 

双抹-食指同时向外弹奏邻近的两弦。 

八度双托-大拇指向外弹奏邻近的两弦,同时中指在低八度另一音,三阴同时奏响。 

摇指-大拇指连续托劈。 

琶音-左手或右手用三个或四个手指按顺序弹奏不同的音。 

泛音-左手食指在发音弦1/2处轻贴弦,右手弹弦发音。 

花指-大拇指迅速连托数弦。 

向上刮奏-在筝弦上由低音向高音的划奏。 

向下刮奏-在筝弦上由高音向低音的划奏。

揉音或颤音-根据音乐的不同风格分类,是揉音类的,揉动较平和;是颤音类的,音波较密,也较有地方风格。 

重颤音-用力较重的颤音。 

按音-在弦上按出的音。 

上滑音-右手弹弦后,左手按弦,使音由低向高滑动。

下滑音-左手先按弦,右手弹奏后逐渐松弦。 

回滑音-右手弹弦之后,左手按弦使音由低向高又有高向低滑动数次。 

左手点音-左手马子左侧先轻点或轻轻快速下滑。

下图是古筝指法符号对照表,在看古筝简谱的时候可以用到。

古筝的指法教程视频:

初学古筝的指法口诀:

勾、托、抹、托指法:

古筝指法抹、打:

古筝指法大撮:

练习曲子

曲子是一句一句,一段一段地练习的,练得多了自然就记住了,然后可以脱离琴谱练习。

代表曲目

古筝十大代表名曲有《渔舟唱晚》、《高山流水》、《寒鸦戏水》、《汉宫秋月》、《蕉窗夜雨》、《林冲夜奔》、《侗族舞曲》、《东海渔歌》、《香山射鼓》、《战台风》。

《渔舟唱晚》是传统的古筝独奏名曲。一般以为此曲是娄树华在20世纪三十年代中期,根据古曲《归去来辞》的素材改编而成。取自唐朝诗人王勃的名篇《滕玉阁序》中的佳名:“渔舟唱晚,响穷彭蠡之滨”。

《高山流水》,为中国十大古曲之一。此曲最早见于我国现存最早的琴曲集《神奇秘谱》。乐曲取中国古代著名的音乐故事“伯牙摔琴谢知音”为题材,表现一种“巍巍乎若高山,洋洋乎若江海”的境界。

《寒鸦戏水》寒鸦又名鸥鸟,这是一首有名的潮州筝曲,是潮洲弦诗《软套》十大曲中最富诗意的一首。

老师指导

学习古筝需要有一个好老师指导,古筝作为一种并不那么容易学成的乐器,单靠自学是很困难的,因此需要找一个好老师。专业的好老师保证你能学到规范的指法、技巧和乐曲处理,不至于走弯路。

业余爱好者自学时,虽然有入门教材的辅导,但是自学难免会遇到许多不懂的地方,这时候就需要专业的老师进行解答了。其实刚开始的时候可以看视频资源、与许多古筝专业者或爱好者交流,不懂时还可以提出问题,这样总比自己一个人探索有用得多。

古筝是一门入门容易精通难的乐器,尤其是业余爱好者没有人监督,就更容易放弃,所以坚持才能成功。

选择古筝老师需要注意以下几点:

1、口碑;

大家选择古筝老师的时候还是要非常注重口碑的,如果身边有周围的朋友在学习古筝,我们不妨参考一下朋友的意见,老师的口碑如果好了,一般教学质量都挺不错的。

2、要去试听课;

古筝课都是可以提前试听的,我们可以参加基础的试听课程,如果你认为老师讲的可以很轻易的听得懂,而且讲的有非常详细,老师人也比较好,那么就可以考虑选择这个老师。

3、学历;

老师的学历也是比较重要的,我们在选择老师的时候我可以咨询一下老师是哪里毕业的,如果老师是正规的音乐学校毕业的,那么他学习的知识会更加系统,在教我们的时候条理会特别清楚。

4、专业性。

学习古筝还是非常需要老师的专业性的,老师水平比较高,比较专业,那么我们的学习质量也会更加的高。

自学选择教材

1、《古筝基础教程》

这本书分为古筝入门、古筝技法、古筝曲三个部分,是结合理论和实际的基础教材。

2、《古筝入门》

这本书介绍古筝由易到难,循序渐进,介绍的比较详细,里面附带很多筝曲。

3、《从零起步学古筝》

遵循从易及难的原则,从古筝最基本的指法讲起,每种指法配以相应的练习曲和乐曲。

我们学习的时候先学习基础知识,理论知识学会后可以在网上多看些古筝的教程,特别的视频教程,可以在哔哩哔哩上选择适合自己的配合教材学习。

不过刚开始学习还是不建议自学,毕竟我们对古筝琴音没用正确的认知,非常容易走入误区,只有在老师的带领下,感受到老师正确的琴音,才能慢慢培养认知,这个是教材和视频代替不了的。

古筝考级

古筝考级分为1-10级,其中1-4级为初级,5-7级为中级,8-10级为高级,高级需要加考乐理。

按有关规定,古筝考级一般是从一级到十级,由低到高逐级考评,但由于考级工作一般都是每年进行一次,而学古筝的每个人学习情况不同,因此可跳级报考,如果古筝学习的比较好,可以直接报考六级考试。

六级考试属于中等偏上的等级考试,考试相对简单,7级开始考试难度会增加很多。

所以刚开始考级的时候建议选择古筝六级考试,下面给大家介绍一些六级考试曲目。

古筝六级曲目有哪些

古筝考级六级曲目一般包括《高山流水》、《柳青娘》 、《出水莲》、《崖山哀》、《庆丰年》 、《闹元宵》 、《山丹丹开花红艳艳》等,根据考级版本不同可能略有区别,例如有音协考级、中央音乐学院考级、民族管弦学会考级等, 每个版本曲目和练习曲要求都不同。

考级的时候需要演奏两首同一级别的曲目,六级曲目中高山流水、庆丰年 、出水莲为必选曲目。六级考试的要求是加强各种音色变化、控制力的训练,并进行一些特殊定弦乐曲的练习,演奏上必须按照其指法特点,应强调力度与音色的对比、演奏的投入及较好的音乐表现力。

调音器怎么

古筝和吉他、钢琴等乐器一样都是需要调音的,最简单的方法就是使用调音器进行调音,具体的方法如下:

1、首先把调音器的电池装好,长按中间的开关打开调音器。

2、按开关键把屏幕左下角的字换成“自动”,按“M/T”键把屏幕右下角的字换成“古筝D”。

3、按上三角符号和下三角符号把左上角的数字换成“=440”。

4、把夹子夹到要调的那根弦的附近,这样更能使调音器取到音。

5、用古筝指甲拨要调的那根弦,看调音器屏幕上的数字,如果显示的数字比调的弦大,就说明太松了,如果数字比调的弦小,就说明太紧了,用调音扳手重新调整。

6、当屏幕上的数值是所调的弦的数值,还要看调音器最上端的三个指示灯,如果左边的红灯亮了,就说明有点偏紧了,如果右边的红灯亮了,就说明有点偏松了,如果绿灯亮,就说明这条弦已经调好。

日常保养方法

一般情况下,相对湿度在50%-70%之间的空间内使用古筝对筝的振动和发音都比较有利,湿度低于50%容易引发筝体表面及底板开裂,而湿度高于70%则易使面板吸潮,导致声音发闷、余音减短、音色发暗。

1、古筝在使用时应轻拿轻放,避免碰撞或剧烈震动。

2、若在北方地区使用古筝,在琴下放一盆水,增加空气湿度,防止开裂。冬季时古筝不能靠近散热的暖气片,以免出现曝烈或变形的情况。

3、古筝使用后可用干软布拭去琴弦上的汗渍,以防琴弦生锈,不用时要以筝罩盖好;

4、古筝应经常使用,这有利于琴弦张力的稳定,也鞥促进音色;

5、一旦发现琴音不准时应及时调音;

6、长时间不用古筝,只要防潮、防晒、防灰即可,不可将其放在地上或挂在潮湿的墙上。湿气较重时,将古筝放入盒内,并在盒内放入干燥剂。

%3Chowto_content%3E[{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"is_abstract":true},"children":[{"type":"text","text":"学习古筝要先有浓厚的兴趣,兴趣是最好的教师,没有兴趣学什么都提不起精力,只会浪费时间。因而学古筝必定要本人发自内心的喜爱,那样才能学得更好。","id":""}],"text":"","id":"TUqcdKWOMoQ2MCxk7b5cyYGynZd"},{"type":"heading","attrs":{"level":1},"children":[{"type":"text","text":"了解古筝","id":""}],"text":"","id":"Js2Sde2sEoaOI2xSSx9cDN52nxe"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"古筝又名汉筝、秦筝、瑶筝、鸾筝,是中国汉民族传统乐器中的筝乐器,属于弹拨乐器。它是中国独特的、重要的民族乐器之一。它的音色优美,音域宽广、演奏技巧丰富,具有相当强的表现力,因此它深受广大人民群众的喜爱。","id":""}],"text":"","id":"EqSwdcu8CoYMU4x4NhVcPyWYnjh"},{"type":"heading","attrs":{"level":2},"children":[{"type":"text","text":"古筝的种类","id":""}],"text":"","id":"NsM4d8GsOo4i4wx4KMKcGExAnUe"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"古筝分低档古筝、中档古筝、高档古筝三种。","id":""}],"text":"","id":"RIcedkyEGoQCoyxQf0ec8u3RnSg"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"一、低档古筝是由普通木板做出框架,做工较粗躁,以花梨酸枝木贴皮,这种古筝声音较闷,弹不出古筝的韵味儿。","id":""}],"text":"","id":"YqIedSOsooC680xcxrHchhUpnTh"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"二、中档古筝琴是由花梨木酸枝木胡桃木做古筝的琴头琴尾,以及侧板,面板采用泡桐木,这种琴做工规范,弹出了古筝的韵味,但和中高档琴比音色要逊色很多。","id":""}],"text":"","id":"V4CgdocWWoWQsaxGEPfcIYb2nqf"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"中高档古筝是采用黑檀木老红木做古筝的琴头琴尾,以及侧板,面板采用泡桐木,这种材料做出的古筝音色清脆,韵味渐浓。","id":""}],"text":"","id":"RasedGmieoG4E2xCY6Pc2CnVn8c"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"三、高档古筝做工严谨,选料精细,采用紫檀木血檀(雪檀)木做古筝的琴头琴尾,以及侧板,面板采用优质泡桐木。","id":""}],"text":"","id":"DIoKdKiugoMYOoxmkiYc2iCan9b"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"近年雪檀已尽绝迹,紫檀也越来越少,这种材料做出的古筝音色纯正,颗粒性强,琴声韵味十足,余音较长,即余音绕梁乃三日不绝。","id":""}],"text":"","id":"UiSmdQeQwoeIU6x4uTdcRxfZn9b"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"古筝分南北吗?","id":""}],"text":"","id":"SwSQd4eS0o6ciexy2x5co97JnSd"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"因为北方气候干燥,古筝使用中容易开裂,所以就流传出南筝、北筝的说法。","id":""}],"text":"","id":"H8WMdwccmoG86cxcp95c39WFn1b"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"其实古筝是不分南北筝的,有些商家就是抓住了“古筝开裂”这一痛点,推出了南北筝这一概念。","id":""}],"text":"","id":"PyY6d8y6qo4mAIxikZicrvBCn2d"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"古筝是不分南北的,也就是不分南北用琴。古筝核心面板都是泡桐木,泡桐木产自河南兰考,如果将河南产的面板拿回上海加工就成了南方古筝,拿回西安加工就成了北方古筝,这显然是说不通的。买古筝时最重要的是买适合自己的筝,且注意对其保养就行。","id":""}],"text":"","id":"MEYkdm4CKoWK0oxiiCEcHb4Pnwd"},{"type":"heading","attrs":{"level":2},"children":[{"type":"text","text":"古筝琴弦","id":""}],"text":"","id":"QYC4dAYuEoMQ00xGSwZcDIVZndf"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"古筝是中国古老的民族乐器,距今已有两千五百多年的历史。","id":""}],"text":"","id":"RW8SdoI2GoKcwaxk1mSch5uKnfe"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"标准古筝有21根弦。从最细的弦到最粗的弦,依次编号为1~21。","id":""}],"text":"","id":"LEcyd60waoiSGQxMiSwcACaJn5X"},{"type":"image","attrs":{"height":427,"note":[{"type":"text","text":"古筝琴弦","id":""}],"url":"},"text":"","id":"VmeGdAcKwow6G4xohIFchRxznge"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"","id":""}],"text":"","id":"H8KsdaGW8ocyw2xOyPwcWzcFnlH"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"最初的古筝,只有5根弦。经秦国著名将蒙恬改造后,古筝发展到12弦。在当时的历史条件下,应该说是对古筝成功的改革。12弦古筝延续使用了数百年,直到唐朝后期才出现了13弦古筝。","id":""}],"text":"","id":"RYyudcMAioMSWMxsvuVcfdIWnPh"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"随着时代的发展,古筝的弦数也越来越多,音域也越来越宽。出现了16弦、18弦、19弦、21弦、23弦、25弦等,直到今天,发展成为通用的21弦。","id":""}],"text":"","id":"SKk0dMSSyoSOKMxaAIUch9PsnAc"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"筝身长1.63米的21弦古筝,被称为标准筝。筝弦,也由过去的丝,动物筋等生物性材料制作,改为现在的钢丝弦和尼龙缠弦。","id":""}],"text":"","id":"OuGadOM6YoeG8WxE9T2cdmmvnNc"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"随着筝弦的增加,筝的体积也在增大。发展到今天,已成为一种古朴典雅的民族乐器。","id":""}],"text":"","id":"YoqMdG4Ioo6mCsxeizGc3TaEn7d"},{"type":"heading","attrs":{"level":2},"children":[{"type":"text","text":"古筝基础知识","id":""}],"text":"","id":"CUoSdQg6moSsSMxOQVycQkZYnxd"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"古筝的定义:弹拨弦鸣乐器。","id":""}],"text":"","id":"NaEQdGYgOoEKKIx3DTPcW9QRngE"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"一共有 21 根琴弦,包含 17 根弦和 4 根绿弦","id":""}],"text":"","id":"SQWYdEiSmoEgwyxaWc9c7lwan9g"},{"type":"image","attrs":{"height":405,"note":[{"type":"text","text":"古筝基础知识","id":""}],"url":"},"text":"","id":"SkAsdOUe0oGOGcxYDIycO1H8ncd"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"1、琴弦:现多用尼龙缠弦,以不同型号的钢丝外面缠以尼龙丝制成的。","id":""}],"text":"","id":"TKW6dgiMWouMk2xQpcPcHzSznYb"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"2、琴码(又称:雁柱):支撑琴弦,琴码的右侧为演奏区域,左侧为左手补韵的装饰音区域。","id":""}],"text":"","id":"HGS4dGEC2o4iqSx2liLcEjtdnHe"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"3、岳山:分为前岳山,后岳山,分别镶嵌在琴面板的首部和尾部。","id":""}],"text":"","id":"SYoOdAKe0ok0Mox5TYuck83BnBJ"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"4、面板:琴面略有弧度的木板。","id":""}],"text":"","id":"LKcsdCqQcoskEwxgdpOcJcXdn7b"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"5、调弦盒:内有弦轴,用于调音;琴盒内可以放指甲,琴扳手等物件。","id":""}],"text":"","id":"Cs4GdYu4MoqQkKxgXT5cofbsnYd"},{"type":"heading","attrs":{"level":3},"children":[{"type":"text","text":"认识SOL","id":""}],"text":"","id":"HowmdCQKooaWgCx2x60c0ympnhd"},{"type":"image","attrs":{"height":258,"note":[{"type":"text","text":"认识SOL","id":""}],"url":"},"text":"","id":"WeWmdsYowoUcySxwhcTcvdqZn1e"},{"type":"heading","attrs":{"level":3},"children":[{"type":"text","text":"认识简谱","id":""}],"text":"","id":"IAS2dg8Ego6sg4xeAymcNBTCnrd"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"简谱:简谱中用以表示音的高低及相互关系的基本符号为七个阿拉伯数字,即1、2、3、4、5、6、7,唱作do、re、mi、fa、sol、la、xi,称为唱名。","id":""}],"text":"","id":"NGEcdoWOUoyuQcxyIb1cFQXEnSb"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"唱名:do re mi fa sol la xi","id":""}],"text":"","id":"TyuydE4wwoq6YcxAFDkcsUgYnGc"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"音名:C D E F G A B 这个就是用来记固定音高的符号。","id":""}],"text":"","id":"JAuKdmEmqoK0ooxOOeUcl6S4nqe"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"在简谱中表达高低音一般会在上下两个方向添加小圆点。","id":""}],"text":"","id":"MSQgd4sO0oOcq0xiqQIceHvdn0g"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"中音是1234567那么低音表达就是在这些数字现面加一个小圆点,高音就是在数字上面加一点,上面加二个点为倍高音,加三个点为超高音。反之下面亦如此为倍低音、超低音等以此类推。","id":""}],"text":"","id":"QAiKd4wQYoGAumxMz3BctbsMnRd"},{"type":"image","attrs":{"height":172,"note":[{"type":"text","text":"认识简谱","id":""}],"url":"},"text":"","id":"CsMAd40c0ooo8Wx6tvgcg4PRn3b"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"除了音的高低外,简谱还有一个重要的因素就是音的长短,简谱音的长短有多种表达方式,如基本的加小横线的方式。","id":""}],"text":"","id":"TKaGdyu4yoIuwgxojevc0EAOnbb"},{"type":"image","attrs":{"height":168,"note":[{"type":"text","text":"认识简谱","id":""}],"url":"},"text":"","id":"HW2SdKEeIo82y4xk1iuceeCBnWh"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"如果还不太懂的朋友,可以看看古筝简谱入门课程,介绍的非常详细:","id":""},{"type":"external_link","attrs":{"url":""},"children":[{"type":"text","text":"","id":""}],"text":"","id":""}],"text":"","id":"LQygdKaa2ooigOxgXmkcFxzZnzb"},{"type":"heading","attrs":{"level":3},"children":[{"type":"text","text":"五声调音","id":""}],"text":"","id":"D8GMdAuGooA0guxmIjWcMCutnDb"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"古筝采用的是五声音节,由这五个音构成的调式是五声调式。所以古筝琴弦上没有4(fa)和7(si)。","id":""}],"text":"","id":"WUKcdsqIqowcykxFxh5c01jknEg"},{"type":"image","attrs":{"height":552,"note":[{"type":"text","text":"五声调音","id":""}],"url":"},"text":"","id":"NOK2dUqQ8oKw0CxAMQdcXzbsn4y"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"","id":""}],"text":"","id":"IIsydGQ0CoYoAax6D4MclV5EnOb"},{"type":"heading","attrs":{"level":3},"children":[{"type":"text","text":"琴弦排列分组","id":""}],"text":"","id":"XcI0daSqKoQuWixCWNucDkbgnie"},{"type":"imageList","children":[{"type":"image","attrs":{"height":614,"note":[{"type":"text","text":"琴弦排列分组","id":""}],"url":"},"text":"","id":"XyugdUYMooiWGGxYdZVcx7bln28"},{"type":"image","attrs":{"height":671,"note":[{"type":"text","text":"琴弦排列分组","id":""}],"url":"},"text":"","id":"KwAIdKA4Qo0QUwxmkuFcm3t2nbh"}],"text":"","id":"EoCqdaCEioC44gxaYVXctHeYn6e"},{"type":"heading","attrs":{"level":3},"children":[{"type":"text","text":"筝架和姿势","id":""}],"text":"","id":"EoCqdaCEioC44gxaYVXctHeYn6e"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"弹筝的姿势有多种,一般采用坐式,要求坐姿端正,精神饱满、动作自然。古代采用过盘式、跪式。","id":""}],"text":"","id":"VwW6dYSO6oQ444xuGzLcTsywnFh"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"由于流派的不同,筝的放置位置、筝架、琴凳也不同。","id":""}],"text":"","id":"PSOkdwWkUoWUOWxiymTcM5P8nSh"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"有的用琴桌式筝架,有的用类似人字形的筝架,还有的就放在腿上演奏。","id":""}],"text":"","id":"XYQsdWgwmoMUqGxkNZPcpl8XnSd"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"采用琴桌式筝架比较稳因、牢靠,琴桌的面板有助于筝的共鸣。琴桌的大小应适当,恰好放稳筝的四个角;筝与琴桌之间有一定的空隙,以便于出音;琴桌的高低适合放腿为宜。此外,琴桌的造型应美观大方。","id":""}],"text":"","id":"OQkQdcsksoieC2xcJVIcJ1JMn8d"},{"type":"image","attrs":{"height":518,"note":[{"type":"text","text":"筝架和姿势","id":""}],"url":"},"text":"","id":"PQ48du20koKoSSxSAKXczsIHn7f"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"如采用类似人字形折叠筝架,应注意筝体能放置平稳,避免演奏中摇晃。","id":""}],"text":"","id":"PkyidCm8koIwQyxmQGdcdEkEnle"},{"type":"image","attrs":{"height":597,"note":[{"type":"text","text":"筝架和姿势","id":""}],"url":"},"text":"","id":"T8wydgECGoi0qqxYlVQcYLPAnvd"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"如采用小筝放在腿上演奏,小筝筝头底部应加筝托,以防止上身过前倾,腿部不要挡住出音孔,琴凳不要过高,筝尾支架的高度应与琴凳高度相当或略高。琴凳离筝体要近,尤其弹奏宽大的、弦数多的筝,一般身体前侧距筝体大约有6厘米至10厘米,应坐在靠近前岳山的位置上,坐的高低位置,应以方便演奏,便充分发挥技巧为原则。身体离琴过远,将使右手演奏困难,影响对触弦的控制;离琴过近,左手按弦困难,右手拨弦不方便;坐的位置过高时,上身容易前倾;坐的位置过低时,容易紧张。 ","id":""}],"text":"","id":"H6MQdMU42ou2yaxugIWcVCEdnrd"},{"type":"image","attrs":{"height":741,"note":[{"type":"text","text":"筝架和姿势","id":""}],"url":"},"text":"","id":"ZKEgdC6SOo4OqUxUVOqcaQu7nng"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"弹筝的姿势,一般采用坐式,演奏者坐的姿势应该是:两腿自然分开,上身端正,两臂和双手松弛而自然抬起,精神饱满,态度自然。在演奏时既不要驼背也不要过分挺胸;既不要拘紧,也不要松垮。切忌摇头晃脑、脚打拍子等坏毛病。 ","id":""}],"text":"","id":"Tam0dyU2socEowxMb3acblynnTf"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"正确的演奏姿势是:右脚蹬在固定筝架的踏板上,头部略俯视,双手按乐曲开头的指法自然伸出,做好弹奏准备。","id":""}],"text":"","id":"ECo4dYk6eocISgxma3TcC9tMnRg"},{"type":"image","attrs":{"height":476,"note":[{"type":"text","text":"筝架和姿势","id":""}],"url":"},"text":"","id":"HkaAdIAKQoYIAcx29lLcmxLgnBc"},{"type":"heading","attrs":{"level":2},"children":[{"type":"text","text":"如何选择古筝","id":""}],"text":"","id":"HWaadMuCooqgKcxQrKRcAe8Ln1c"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"古筝的统一规格为:1.63米,21弦。一台古筝的音质取决于面板和琴弦,面板以阳面中段为最佳,阳面是指整株桐木置于水中,露出水面的一面为阳面,去头斩尾为中段,一般以9-12年树龄的桐木为最佳,尤以河南兰考的桐木为最佳,沙土地,木质疏松,利于音质的传导。","id":""}],"text":"","id":"Casmdyo0OoS2Cqxe4BrcTQQtnOe"},{"type":"image","attrs":{"height":456,"note":[{"type":"text","text":"如何选择古筝","id":""}],"url":"},"text":"","id":"VOeqd0GAGoW4auxQhlQcxX7Tnaf"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"初学者在购买古筝的时候一般不知道如何选择,市场上售卖的有练习筝、演奏古筝两种。","id":""}],"text":"","id":"KAqidceYIoGg60xsDc7c3THenff"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"练习筝的制作较为简单,一般都是不包边的,而演奏筝的工艺更复杂,也更精美。 同时,会因为木头的品质,和穿弦孔的工艺不同而导致音色和手感的不同。","id":""}],"text":"","id":"EY6adusu0oIKo6xgRopcF34Lnuh"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"演出筝对音色的要求更严格,音色要亮,所以价格一般比练习筝的价格贵。","id":""}],"text":"","id":"YMWEd2MgaoM0aUxWSYuczrwgnQh"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"古筝的结构说简单也简单,但是要让这简单的结构发出美妙的音乐就是技术活了。决定音色品质重要的部分是面板的等级,其次筝码、整体做工、制作工艺等,边板材质起到装饰古筝的作用,不建议作为选筝的重点。","id":""}],"text":"","id":"OskmdkmgEougSuxs8wZcDmzOnzY"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"古筝作为乐器其音色品质才是其价值的体现,而价值也是决定价格的原因,这也就是为什么古筝的价格会有如此大的差异。","id":""}],"text":"","id":"ZoWodYoUCosEmAxMhowcdZO3nEd"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"我们选购古筝的时候首先要考虑古筝的音色问题,购买音色较好的古筝,如果是作为古筝学习者,练习筝也不要买太次的,那会影响自己的听力,和审美标准。","id":""}],"text":"","id":"Bs0ed48aoo8OUIxg2KlcUobenzm"},{"type":"heading","attrs":{"level":1},"children":[{"type":"text","text":"学习古筝","id":""}],"text":"","id":"Ewqqdo4ssoEewUxojhWcMkLgnRY"},{"type":"heading","attrs":{"level":2},"children":[{"type":"text","text":"学戴义甲","id":""}],"text":"","id":"L4w6dsweUocYCSxuYgqcHIlPnId"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"大指:将义甲戴在指肚上,向指尖左上方斜出45度佩戴","id":""}],"text":"","id":"RYiSdKoKyoQ68axY9wEcuRn5n9g"},{"type":"image","attrs":{"height":112,"note":[{"type":"text","text":"学戴义甲","id":""}],"url":"},"text":"","id":"A0CKdYKwOoy0aaxCUGucy5WvnFd"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"食指、中指:将义甲戴在指肚上,顺指甲生长方向直戴","id":""}],"text":"","id":"IUO6dm4SYo0mSyxuKPicyXMhnFe"},{"type":"image","attrs":{"height":112,"note":[{"type":"text","text":"学戴义甲","id":""}],"url":"},"text":"","id":"E6Wkdgg6yoyGuAxyUqYcaCT7nzb"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"注意:佩戴时义甲不要挡住手指的关节;胶布的一半应覆盖在自己本身的指甲上。","id":""}],"text":"","id":"NgwmdyAWgomkMexMV43cJF1GnUc"},{"type":"heading","attrs":{"level":3},"children":[{"type":"text","text":"选择指甲","id":""}],"text":"","id":"NOYcd2McCoUW2kxDTPCc0XyinbM"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"古筝指甲首先要选择合适自身手指的长度,选择的指甲要和自己的手指第一节的长度相匹配,通常都是选择中号。指甲面选择宽点、上方尖点,不需要太厚的指甲面。古筝指甲材质很多,有塑料、树脂、玳瑁的,三种材质对比,玳瑁的比其它两种的好,对琴弦没有多大的磨损,但价格比较贵,塑料和树脂对琴弦的磨损就比较严重。","id":""}],"text":"","id":"BgIsdWoAuoA04Ix8gSicDKB8nec"},{"type":"image","attrs":{"height":333,"note":[{"type":"text","text":"选择指甲","id":""}],"url":"},"text":"","id":"Pym0dWasEoCOcCxeYctcQBwznRf"},{"type":"heading","attrs":{"level":3},"children":[{"type":"text","text":"挑选玳瑁方法","id":""}],"text":"","id":"DSa0dCkSsomgiwxSupvc10yEnpf"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"1、强光照射法:把玳瑁放在太阳底下或者电筒光下投射,如果看见花纹、透明血丝状在甲片里,就是真品。伪劣产品呈现的血丝在甲面上是片状的,还有斑纹呆板或者团块状。","id":""}],"text":"","id":"SYiAdGmwOoQW66xYZzecduXanef"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"2、燃烧法:刮一点点的指甲点燃,或者用加热的针触碰指甲面,真品就会散发出烧焦头发的味道,伪劣产品是散发其它的味道,比如樟脑的味道、塑胶的味道、醋味等。","id":""}],"text":"","id":"IWcqdMKakoqsAcxE5Twc5Jeunsd"},{"type":"heading","attrs":{"level":2},"children":[{"type":"text","text":"分辨琴弦","id":""}],"text":"","id":"KmE8ducyyo4co8x4qOdc67ozn9c"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"古筝的琴弦有21根弦,共有两种颜色,白色琴弦、绿色(或红色)琴弦。","id":""}],"text":"","id":"JcggdywqgooEk0xc7RmcGYOcnhf"},{"type":"image","attrs":{"height":518,"note":[{"type":"text","text":"分辨琴弦","id":""}],"url":"},"text":"","id":"Py4udAGwIoyM2SxI9QvcNGiFnaf"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"绿色(或红色)琴弦都唱“5”(sol),共有四根绿色(或红色)琴弦,有粗有细,由细到粗,分别代表","id":""}],"text":"","id":"UkAGdSks4o4a42xE3RUchFYonSg"},{"type":"image","attrs":{"height":34,"note":[{"type":"text","text":"分辨琴弦","id":""}],"url":"},"text":"","id":"QO8qdGyMKoISY0x8HXsc3G9fnuh"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"高音5;中音5;低音5;倍低音5","id":""}],"text":"","id":"EqgAd8aeKoOiacxSAKBcZm37nXf"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"第一根到第五根琴弦为倍低音,表示方法是在1、2、3、5、6下面加两个点;接下来五根弦是低音,在1、2、3、5、6,下面点一个点;在后面五根弦是中音区,1、2、3、5、6。接下来是高音区,五根弦1、2、3、5、6上方加一个点;最后一根为倍高音do,1上面加两个点。","id":""}],"text":"","id":"XOUAdgmSMoO4qmxSwkGcsOolnzd"},{"type":"heading","attrs":{"level":2},"children":[{"type":"text","text":"练习古筝步骤","id":""}],"text":"","id":"XIYAduAaMocSc4xmaNxcbfv4n5f"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"弹古筝,首先要保持正确的姿势。两只手的食指、中指、大指依次配戴好指甲,你可以买两卷医用胶带,一卷放手上保持手背的平直,另一卷用来配戴指甲。","id":""}],"text":"","id":"Ww8CdKY24osSMyxikNIcZpDUnTf"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"眼睛平视乐谱,身体坐好,接下来开始古筝的练习。","id":""}],"text":"","id":"JWU0dmaEoouCqmxmUyJchz6anPc"},{"type":"heading","attrs":{"level":3},"children":[{"type":"text","text":"佩戴指甲","id":""}],"text":"","id":"Eae0d0gmwoOmAGx5kVkc8DotnJi"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"弹奏古筝之前先要佩戴好指甲,指甲的大小应和手指第一关节差不多,戴在第一关节往上一点,胶布缠在第一关节中间,不要影响关节活动处,大指缠带方法与其他指不同,假指甲向内与指尖呈45度角,左右相对。","id":""}],"text":"","id":"Py6KdC6A2oqAeIxsWSacpJQTnhb"},{"type":"heading","attrs":{"level":3},"children":[{"type":"text","text":"熟悉古筝音阶","id":""}],"text":"","id":"CIamdqmM4oIQK8xFiU7cIdgtnnB"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"音乐的七个基本音阶1(do)2(re)3(mi)4(fa)5(sol)6(la)7(si),古筝是五声音阶,没有4和7,只有1、2、3、5、6。","id":""}],"text":"","id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","id":""}],"text":"","id":"RYOsdo8SwoAeuWx8hK6cFkmgnIh"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"2、要去试听课;","id":""}],"text":"","id":"Wmu6dY0sooI2uqxI3dncj9EVnEe"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"古筝课都是可以提前试听的,我们可以参加基础的试听课程,如果你认为老师讲的可以很轻易的听得懂,而且讲的有非常详细,老师人也比较好,那么就可以考虑选择这个老师。 ","id":""}],"text":"","id":"Mgq6dEKSYoKiamxi2becA1BSnng"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"3、学历;","id":""}],"text":"","id":"ECuedEK2CouWAsx2rDvcv01Cnrh"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"老师的学历也是比较重要的,我们在选择老师的时候我可以咨询一下老师是哪里毕业的,如果老师是正规的音乐学校毕业的,那么他学习的知识会更加系统,在教我们的时候条理会特别清楚。","id":""}],"text":"","id":"GM2sdMGcMoA0gkxodKUcQvdmnse"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":" 4、专业性。","id":""}],"text":"","id":"KUUEdW2IooWGCix63Eeco0BDnxb"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"学习古筝还是非常需要老师的专业性的,老师水平比较高,比较专业,那么我们的学习质量也会更加的高。","id":""}],"text":"","id":"Q8aedu822oa4i4x6Y47cai0rnch"},{"type":"heading","attrs":{"level":2},"children":[{"type":"text","text":"自学选择教材","id":""}],"text":"","id":"JmWOduKeIocuGoxaIpUcsUmnnce"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"1、《古筝基础教程》","id":""}],"text":"","id":"LAoAdyG6MomiooxcfgFcjcFgn6U"},{"type":"image","attrs":{"height":611,"note":[{"type":"text","text":"自学选择教材","id":""}],"url":"},"text":"","id":"AsqQd062WoEmWGxWaofcrgAonTh"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"这本书分为古筝入门、古筝技法、古筝曲三个部分,是结合理论和实际的基础教材。","id":""}],"text":"","id":"WwGKdkeiqow0mqxuEYfcrVytnsc"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"2、《古筝入门》","id":""}],"text":"","id":"Q8SAd0MQcoASuUxA9w6cfKhSnpf"},{"type":"image","attrs":{"height":500,"note":[{"type":"text","text":"自学选择教材","id":""}],"url":"},"text":"","id":"RomcdOeUOoAGmexq5vMcmts8nLQ"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"这本书介绍古筝由易到难,循序渐进,介绍的比较详细,里面附带很多筝曲。","id":""}],"text":"","id":"JoeSdO6ScocQKaxGyUrcynY9nGb"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"3、《从零起步学古筝》","id":""}],"text":"","id":"KYEWdo2QGoAiW4x82RwcxJ5Dnbc"},{"type":"image","attrs":{"height":431,"note":[{"type":"text","text":"自学选择教材","id":""}],"url":"},"text":"","id":"XgcodsU4Oo8WMsxI9sXcGQXdnkf"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"遵循从易及难的原则,从古筝最基本的指法讲起,每种指法配以相应的练习曲和乐曲。","id":""}],"text":"","id":"KSISduQOsoWecIxC0X7cXITlnme"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"我们学习的时候先学习基础知识,理论知识学会后可以在网上多看些古筝的教程,特别的视频教程,可以在哔哩哔哩上选择适合自己的配合教材学习。","id":""}],"text":"","id":"AUMKdWAC6o0u6oxA7BacdZDgn3g"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"不过刚开始学习还是不建议自学,毕竟我们对古筝琴音没用正确的认知,非常容易走入误区,只有在老师的带领下,感受到老师正确的琴音,才能慢慢培养认知,这个是教材和视频代替不了的。","id":""}],"text":"","id":"R6eodmCuuo2uAcxkFHUc6bUbnwh"},{"type":"heading","attrs":{"level":1},"children":[{"type":"text","text":"古筝考级","id":""}],"text":"","id":"G0uadkk4QoAUS2xsxAAcCpMDnE8"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"古筝考级分为1-10级,其中1-4级为初级,5-7级为中级,8-10级为高级,高级需要加考乐理。","id":""}],"text":"","id":"GsQSdysC6oim0MxgdB3cw5sFnS1"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"按有关规定,古筝考级一般是从一级到十级,由低到高逐级考评,但由于考级工作一般都是每年进行一次,而学古筝的每个人学习情况不同,因此可跳级报考,如果古筝学习的比较好,可以直接报考六级考试。","id":""}],"text":"","id":"UIEgdEwucoCW4AxKg8Rc6ht8nOe"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"六级考试属于中等偏上的等级考试,考试相对简单,7级开始考试难度会增加很多。","id":""}],"text":"","id":"Oceod2UwMokGEExymi2c2Roenfg"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"所以刚开始考级的时候建议选择古筝六级考试,下面给大家介绍一些六级考试曲目。","id":""}],"text":"","id":"HSiYdaiMyo4waMx6ln3cru6cnxd"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"古筝六级曲目有哪些","id":""}],"text":"","id":"F6GGdCq0Io2oGgxmsa5c0g1enWe"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"古筝考级六级曲目一般包括《高山流水》、《柳青娘》 、《出水莲》、《崖山哀》、《庆丰年》 、《闹元宵》 、《山丹丹开花红艳艳》等,根据考级版本不同可能略有区别,例如有音协考级、中央音乐学院考级、民族管弦学会考级等, 每个版本曲目和练习曲要求都不同。","id":""}],"text":"","id":"OwQ2dykUioEcsQxMhWGc66VanQe"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"考级的时候需要演奏两首同一级别的曲目,六级曲目中高山流水、庆丰年 、出水莲为必选曲目。六级考试的要求是加强各种音色变化、控制力的训练,并进行一些特殊定弦乐曲的练习,演奏上必须按照其指法特点,应强调力度与音色的对比、演奏的投入及较好的音乐表现力。","id":""}],"text":"","id":"CmQ0dycMko6YsWx4lbfcKPw8ngh"},{"type":"image","attrs":{"height":324,"note":[{"type":"text","text":"古筝考级","id":""}],"url":"},"text":"","id":"LycidwCQgoMkYaxiIhccjVgenlc"},{"type":"heading","attrs":{"level":1},"children":[{"type":"text","text":"调音器怎么用","id":""}],"text":"","id":"NWQedeKaAoYgmOxk3tkcchGMnwe"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"古筝和吉他、钢琴等乐器一样都是需要调音的,最简单的方法就是使用调音器进行调音,具体的方法如下:","id":""}],"text":"","id":"Y4UkdOisSouiqqx04n2cQL7ynef"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"1、首先把调音器的电池装好,长按中间的开关打开调音器。","id":""}],"text":"","id":"X8o2dCeQ4okOKkxLEfTcFq0Rnyz"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"2、按开关键把屏幕左下角的字换成“自动”,按“M/T”键把屏幕右下角的字换成“古筝D”。","id":""}],"text":"","id":"DMeedwaquouuSMx8Wa3cbWlGnHc"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"3、按上三角符号和下三角符号把左上角的数字换成“=440”。","id":""}],"text":"","id":"SUOmdsE88oqCKuxiMR0cwxg6ncd"},{"type":"image","attrs":{"height":333,"note":[{"type":"text","text":"调音器怎么用","id":""}],"url":"},"text":"","id":"PiqAdWGK0oeIO2x8RIkcSNw1nih"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"4、把夹子夹到要调的那根弦的附近,这样更能使调音器取到音。","id":""}],"text":"","id":"OoKsd2KeKoogIQxYZlVcbRNynNh"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"5、用古筝指甲拨要调的那根弦,看调音器屏幕上的数字,如果显示的数字比调的弦大,就说明太松了,如果数字比调的弦小,就说明太紧了,用调音扳手重新调整。","id":""}],"text":"","id":"OCUWdQswQoWw2ex6a0xczPpEnMw"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"6、当屏幕上的数值是所调的弦的数值,还要看调音器最上端的三个指示灯,如果左边的红灯亮了,就说明有点偏紧了,如果右边的红灯亮了,就说明有点偏松了,如果绿灯亮,就说明这条弦已经调好。","id":""}],"text":"","id":"WQMOdM2oAoiWwkxCedPcpxPPnYc"},{"type":"heading","attrs":{"level":1},"children":[{"type":"text","text":"日常保养方法","id":""}],"text":"","id":"LwMQdiQ6ioCgWMxkzSNckqZZnAh"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"一般情况下,相对湿度在50%-70%之间的空间内使用古筝对筝的振动和发音都比较有利,湿度低于50%容易引发筝体表面及底板开裂,而湿度高于70%则易使面板吸潮,导致声音发闷、余音减短、音色发暗。","id":""}],"text":"","id":"YuwydOGMeow8YuxK6acc5jZGnuh"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"1、古筝在使用时应轻拿轻放,避免碰撞或剧烈震动。","id":""}],"text":"","id":"MOUadYwmOoeauyxaU9Zc9GLanKh"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"2、若在北方地区使用古筝,在琴下放一盆水,增加空气湿度,防止开裂。冬季时古筝不能靠近散热的暖气片,以免出现曝烈或变形的情况。","id":""}],"text":"","id":"NOgGdiUYEogkGUxQPwZceLE8nXN"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"3、古筝使用后可用干软布拭去琴弦上的汗渍,以防琴弦生锈,不用时要以筝罩盖好;","id":""}],"text":"","id":"YiQ6dsMEoo0Q4OxIziuc8BuhnFh"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"4、古筝应经常使用,这有利于琴弦张力的稳定,也鞥促进音色;","id":""}],"text":"","id":"RwWSdGcsUosIkSxGwBwcC9CNnHh"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"5、一旦发现琴音不准时应及时调音;","id":""}],"text":"","id":"BayydyEcuosscIxoTtecL49Lnkf"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"6、长时间不用古筝,只要防潮、防晒、防灰即可,不可将其放在地上或挂在潮湿的墙上。湿气较重时,将古筝放入盒内,并在盒内放入干燥剂。","id":""}],"text":"","id":"AeIgd28k6oce84xQj8PcI2FFn9c"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"","id":""}],"text":"","id":"I2audQQWwo4Syexa8NacE2HWnwb"}]%3C%2Fhowto_content%3E

文章TAG:古筝如何学习

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